Director Walter Salles's first feature film since 2012, the Oscar-nominated I'm Still Here is a return to home ground, and a return to strength, for the Brazilian auteur. At 68, Salles reconnects with his youth, telling a story in which he does not figure, but takes up the role of witness to the pain of others.

I'm Still Here is adapted from the autobiographical novel Ainda Estou Aqui by Salles's contemporary, the writer Marcelo Rubens Paiva. The novel recounts Paiva's father's disappearance in 1971, under the repressive dictatorship of Emilio Garrastazu Medici, through the memories of the author's mother, Eunice Paiva.

In Salles's film, the Paivas lead an enchanted life in a house facing Leblon beach in Rio de Janeiro, until the long arm of the military regime wrecks their dream.

Looking for something good? Cut through the noise with a carefully curated selection of the latest releases, live events and exhibitions, straight to your inbox every fortnight, on Fridays. Sign up here.

Beloved family head, Rubens (Selton Mello), an engineer and congressman secretly collaborating with the underground opposition, is kidnapped by state police under the pretence of a routine interrogation. It then befalls his wife Eunice (Fernanda Torres) to sustain family life and give their children a sense of future while trying to find out what happened to her husband.

It's the second act of the film, particularly the harrowing yet restrained sequences of Eunice's days-long detention, that reveal the stakes of the story. Her traumatic experience in jail and increasingly desperate search for her husband afterwards is framed as a transformative journey. It's one that will culminate 25 years later, when the memory of the disappeared is reinstated in the official archives of the nation's history.

I'm Still Here adopts a linear style of storytelling and classical three-act structure (stability, disruption, reparation) that serves historical closure, reinforced by the display of the Paiva family's photographic archive in the closing credits.

This familiar convention takes on a special poignancy in I'm Still Here, where the private archive is a powerful alternative to a discredited "official" media narrative. The reconstruction of everyday life conveys endurance and resistance. This in turn brings to the fore the gendered dynamics of the Paiva household.

Rubens's underground political activity against the regime means that he leads a double life to which Eunice, for all her loving closeness to her husband, remains ignorant of. This is sorely tested when Rubens disappears. With him the main source of income, it leaves Eunice and the children to cobble together a new existence in Sao Paulo.

Adopting Eunice's perspective throughout, the film observes how her relationship with her eldest daughters begins to fracture as they find different ways of coping with traumatic loss and an uncertain future. However, the film stays clear of melodrama, leaving Eunice to internalise the process instead.

In the lead role, the prolific 59-year-old actor Fernanda Torres carries the film as effortlessly in fitted pencil skirts and chic geometric patterns of late 1960s fashion. Her screen chemistry with the slightly younger Selton Mello - they are the perfect couple while happiness lasts - is palpable.

Torres's controlled, nuanced performance navigates the family's shift in fortunes with measured calm and steely determination, even as she gradually comes to terms with the fact that she's on her own.

In this way, the film is a clear-cut tribute to a "feminine" politics of resilience. This matches the preference for a linear biopic over focus on fraught alliances and betrayals that may have determined the course of 1970s political life in Brazil.

Despite its stark subject matter and suffering heroine, the retro pleasures of I'm Still Here form one of the film's strongest aspects. The measure of the family's loss is given by a sweeping first act. Despite the all too readable signs of what's to come (the film opens with Eunice enjoying a solitary swim in crystalline waters, disturbed by the sound of helicopters hovering above), the viewer is invited to live in the joyous present of the Paiva household.

The dynamic camerawork captures the energy of the children, connecting the space of the beach with the open-doors house where Eunice and Rubens act as genial hosts for their friends.

Through references to the vibrant tropicalia musical movement the film celebrates and mourns not only the centrality of music to Brazilian cultural life, but the tastes of a cosmopolitan, white liberal middle class (to which Salles also belongs) whose lives and aspirations were cut short by the dictatorship.

Torres's real-life mother, the decorated Brazilian actress Fernanda Montenegro, plays the older Eunice in the film's closing scenes. The match is near perfect, as they both command the same intense yet guarded look.

Eunice's character arc signifies the nation's rise to consciousness. She goes back to study in her forties, becoming a lawyer working on behalf of the rights of indigenous women and in support of the families of the disappeared.

This personal engagement in justice and reparation is blighted by dementia. In 2014, the nonagenarian Eunice played by Montenegro is a silent, wheelchair-bound Alzheimer sufferer. This epilogue, shot in bleached digital textures vividly contrasts with the vibrant memories captured in the (recreated) Super-8 films shot by the Paivas.

As Brazil pulls itself together after the twin catastrophes of COVID and Bolsonarism, I'm Still Here's cautionary tale for the present may be curtailed by the fact that its emotional core is placed so firmly in mourning its past, depicted as a idyllic moment of happiness and optimism before Brazil was robbed of its future.